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Chancellor of Austria
The Federal Chancellor (, sometimes shortened to ''Kanzler'') is the head of government of Austria. In his capacity as chairman of the Austrian Federal Government, the chancellor represents the supreme federal authority of the executive branch. Though formally an equal member of the cabinet, the Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful position in Austrian politics, and as such is the nation's ''de facto'' chief executive. His official seat is in the Federal Chancellery.
The current Chancellor is Werner Faymann, who was appointed upon the 2008 legislative election. His deputy is Reinhold Mitterlehner acting as Vice-Chancellor of Austria.
== History ==
The use of the term Chancellor (''Kanzler'', derived from (ラテン語:cancellarius)) as head of the chancery writing office can be traced back as far as the ninth century, when under King Louis the German the office of the Archchancellor (''Erzkanzler''), later Imperial Chancellor (''Reichserzkanzler''), was created as a high office on the service of the Holy Roman Emperor.〔(Interdisziplinärer Arbeitskreis Kurmainz und der Erzkanzler des Reiches )〕 The task was usually fulfilled by the Prince-Archbishops of Mainz as Archchancellors of the German lands.
In the course of the Imperial reform, the Habsburg Emperor Maximilian I in 1498 attempted to counter the spiritual power of the ''Reichserzkanzler'' with a more secular position of an Imperial Court Chancellor (''Hofkanzler''), but the two became merged. These were also the times when attempts were made to balance Imperial absolutism by the creation of Imperial Governments (''Reichsregiment''), ultimately a failure.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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